青藏高原东南缘现今地壳形变与多尺度应变率场特征     

陈斌  瞿伟  张勤  王庆良  郝明 《大地测量与地球动力学》2022,42(10):1047-1055

利用青藏高原东南缘1999~2007年与2011~2017年高精度GNSS监测资料,充分顾及GNSS测站非均匀分布的特性,构建青藏高原东南缘地壳形变多尺度球面小波模型,定量分析汶川强震前后该区域地壳形变与不同空间尺度下地壳应变率场变化特征。研究结果表明,汶川强震前后研究区整体地壳运动具有一定继承性发展特征,均在龙门山、安宁河、则木河与小江断裂处形成明显的速度差异梯度带,且高应变率值也主要聚集在上述主干断裂及附近区域;汶川强震后,研究区域整体地壳运动速率量值,特别是龙门山断裂带西北侧地壳运动速度量值显著增大,羌塘、巴颜喀拉与川滇地块也呈现出加速向南东运移并推动华南块体的趋势。不同尺度下的应变率场反映出不同空间范围下区域应变积累特征,青藏高原东南缘区域在尺度因子q=7时的计算结果是合理的（合理的最大尺度因子）;当尺度因子q=6时,能较好地揭示出区域整体构造活动特性,即清晰地揭示出汶川强震后龙门山断裂处呈现出的显著主压应变、面压缩与最大剪应变率高值特征;当尺度因子q=3~7时（最佳组合尺度因子）,可较好地综合揭示出区域地壳大尺度（整体）形变与局部形变特征。汶川强震后,研究区域主干断裂带,特别是震中及其附近区域地震活动性显著增强。  相似文献   

扁舵鲣抗氧化肽分离纯化及结构鉴定     

瞿瑜杉  吉宏武  宋文奎  彭烁  詹苏泓  韦柳益  陈铭  张迪  刘书成 《广东海洋大学学报》2022,(1)

【目的】从扁舵鲣(Auxis thazard)的木瓜蛋白酶酶解产物中分离鉴定具有较高1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基清除率的抗氧化肽。【方法】用木瓜蛋白酶水解扁舵鲣,以DPPH自由基清除能力为检测指标,通过超滤、凝胶过滤层析和反向高效液相色谱分离抗氧化肽,再经过超高效液相/三重四级杆飞行时间质谱(UPLC/Xevo G2-XS QTOF)进行结构鉴定。【结果】从酶解产物中获得3种抗氧化肽,其氨基酸序列分别为β-丙氨酸-1-甲基-L-组氨酸(241 u)、Gly-Ala-Gly-Gly-Pro(357 u)和Val-Glu(246 u)。【结论】扁舵鲣的木瓜蛋白酶酶解产物含有抗氧化活性的肽类,可为其抗氧化肽的开发提供理论依据。  相似文献   

基于CERES观测数据的全球行星反照率时空变化特征分析     

吕明珠  宋雁  李喜佳  瞿瑛 《气候与环境研究》2021,26(5):509-518

为了理解行星反照率时空变化规律及成因,基于CERES数据对全球行星反照率的大气（主要为云与气溶胶等）和地表贡献进行了分解,通过Theil-Sen+Mann-Kendall方法得到了2001～2018年全球行星反照率及其大气和地表贡献的时空变化趋势,并基于回归分析方法对典型区域的变化趋势进行了初步解释。研究结果表明:1）在中低纬度区域行星反照率的大气贡献占主导地位,而在高纬度区域地表贡献相对升高,呈现纬向差异大于经向变化的模式;2）全球行星反照率呈现?0.0002/a（p<0.05）的变化趋势,地表贡献和大气贡献呈现?0.00015/a（p<0.05）与–0.00004/a（p<0.05）的变化趋势;3）大气贡献在火地岛西南洋面等区域呈现显著的增长趋势,而在南极洲东部等区域呈现显著的降低趋势;地表贡献在北冰洋等区域呈现显著的降低趋势,而在南极洲东部等区域呈现显著的升高趋势,并且可以基于云覆盖、积雪覆盖和NDVI等参量的变化有效解释典型区域的行星反照率变化。  相似文献   

华南夏季降水两次年代际转折的水汽输送异常成因初探     

曲姝霖  苏涛  韩子轩  赵俊虎  封国林 《大气科学》2021,45(2):273-286

本文利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和中国2374站日降水资料,通过水汽收支方程分解方法分析了华南夏季降水在1993~2002年时段年代际增多以及2003~2013年时段年代际减少的水汽输送特征及其成因。结果表明:1993~2002年时段（2003~2013年时段）,局地环流导致异常下沉（上升）气流,南亚高压偏东（偏西）和西太平洋副热带高压（简称副高）偏西（偏东）,菲律宾及副高西南侧水汽输送加强（减弱）,华南地区低层出现强的水汽辐合（辐散）,导致降水偏多（偏少）。华南地区夏季降水两次年代际变化主要与风速变化引起的水汽输送动力散度项的异常有关,同时还受到与比湿变化引起的水汽输送热力散度项异常、及天气尺度的涡旋引起的水汽输送涡流散度项异常影响。此外,研究发现水汽输送的异常与环流和海温异常均密切相关。  相似文献   

地形追随垂直运动方程在南疆极端暴雨中的诊断分析          下载免费PDF全文

周括  冉令坤  蔡仁  屈涛  陈蕾 《大气科学》2022,46(3):745-761

针对2021年6月15～17日发生在昆仑山脉北坡的南疆极端暴雨过程,本文综合考虑地形对暴雨发生、发展的作用后,利用地形追随坐标控制方程并采用Boussinesq近似推导建立了地形追随坐标的非静力平衡广义垂直运动方程。诊断结果表明,经向气压梯度力耦合经向散度项（项一）、垂直气压梯度力耦合纬向散度项（项二）和非绝热加热经向梯度项（项三）是激发暴雨垂直运动发展演变的三个主要强迫项。项一体现了偏北风逐渐增强,在昆仑山脉的阻挡下导致经向辐合增强,触发了垂直上升运动。经向气流辐合始终是对流活动最主要的强迫过程,其次为纬向气流辐合。在地形追随坐标形式下,经向和垂直气压梯度能够增强项一和项二。对流发展阶段,水汽辐合与非绝热加热过程增强了非绝热加热经向梯度,促进了垂直上升运动发展。在地形的影响下,对流层中高层西风过山气流波动特征明显。重力波活动导致的高层辐散进一步促进了山脉迎风坡对流活动。经向和纬向气流辐合、非绝热加热过程以及重力波活动等多个因素共同造成了此次南疆极端暴雨。  相似文献   

Precambrian Tectonic Affinity of the Southern Langshan Area, Northeastern Margin of the Alxa Block: Evidence from Zircon U-Pb Dating and Lu-Hf Isotopes     

NIU Pengfei  QU Junfeng  ZHANG Jin  ZHANG Beihang  ZHAO Heng 《《地质学报》英文版》2022,96(5):1516-1533

The Alxa Block is the westernmost part of the North China Craton (NCC), and is regarded as one of the basement components of the NCC. Its geological evolution is of great significance for the understanding of the NCC. However, the Precambrian basement of the Alxa Block is still poorly studied. In this study, we present new in situ LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotope data from the Diebusige Metamorphic Complex (DMC) which located in the eastern Alxa Block. Field and petrological studies show that the DMC consists mainly of metamorphic supracrustal rocks and minor metamorphic plutonic rocks and has experienced amphibolite-granulite facies metamorphism. Zircon U-Pb dating results suggested that the amphibolite sample yields a crystallization age of 2636 ± 14 Ma and metamorphic ages of 2517–2454 Ma and 1988–1952 Ma, proving the existence of exposed Archean rocks in the Langshan area and indicating that late Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic metamorphic events existed in the Alxa Block. Two paragneiss samples show that the magmatic detrital zircons from the DMC yield 207Pb/206Pb ages ranging from 2.48 Ga to 2.10 Ga with two youngest peaks at 2.13 Ga and 2.16 Ga, respectively, and they were also overprinted by metamorphic events at 1.97–1.90 Ga and 1.89–1.79 Ga. Compilation of U-Pb ages of magmatic detrital and metamorphic zircons suggested that the main part of the DMC may have been formed at 2.1–2.0 Ga. Zircon Lu-Hf isotope data show that the source materials of the main part of the DMC were originated from the reworking of ancient Archean crust (3.45–2.78 Ga). The Hf isotope characteristics and the tectonothermal event records exhibit different evolution history with the Khondalite Belt and the Yinshan Block and the other basements of the Alxa Block, indicating that the Langshan was likely an independent terrain before the middle Paleoproterozoic and was subjected to the middle to late Paleoproterozoic tectonothermal events with the Khondalite Belt as a whole.  相似文献   

Distribution Patterns of Calcite Cement in the Turbidite Sandstones of the Shahejie Formation in the Dongying Depression, Eastern China     

ZHANG Yongwang  QU Zhengyang 《《地质学报》英文版》2022,96(3):1041-1056

Calcite cements are volumetrically dominant among the most diagenetic constituents in turbidite sandstones of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in the Dongying Depression. The results show carbonate cements mainly occur in three phases: Calcite I (pre-compaction), Calcite II (post-compaction) and ankerite in the turbidite sandstone. The isotopic composition of Calcite I and Calcite II range from ?4.3‰ to 4.4‰, ?3.5‰ to 4.3‰ PDB, respectively, suggesting that the calcite cements are mainly derived from the interbedded shales. The early calcite cement precipitated from the mixing of lacustrine and meteoric waters at 38–69°C. The late-phase calcite precipitated from pore waters modified by water-rock interactions at 64–126°C. Two distribution patterns of calcite cements can be identified, depending on their position within the sandstone. The peripheral cementation of the sandstones is near the sand-shale contact. The development of cement is controlled by sandstone thickness and the properties of the interbedded shale. For scattered cementation, the distribution of the calcite cement is not controlled by the sand-shale contact. Calcite cement was preferentially distributed in coarse-grained sandstones, indicating that sandstones with high original permeability are the preferred pathway for the migration of early diagenetic fluids.  相似文献   

Experimental Simulation Study of the Dominant Enrichment Area of Terrestrial Organic Matter in the Shallow-Delta Sedimentary System of the Yacheng Formation in the Qiongdongnan Basin     

XU Xinde  YANG Xibing  QU Tong  GAO Gang  LIANG Gang  LI Xing 《《地质学报》英文版》2022,96(5):1693-1703

Shallow-delta sedimentary systems receive both terrestrial and marine organic matter. As oil and gas exploration activities determine that the source rocks of the deep-water area of the Qiongdongnan Basin, northern South China Sea, are generally rich in and even dominated by terrestrial organic matter, this has led many researchers to examine the rules governing terrestrial organic matter enrichment in shallow-delta sea sedimentary systems. However, the deep burial of source rocks in deep-water areas and the relatively small amount of drilling undertaken have greatly restricted the study of these rules. In this study, the ‘forward modeling’ research method was used to observe and analyze the deposition and preservation of terrestrial organic matter through flume experiments, where the depositional results were carefully depicted and sampled. The total organic carbon content of selected samples was measured and when combined with qualitative observations and quantitative comparison results, the dominant enrichment areas of terrestrial organic matter were identified. The experimental results show that the overbank parts of the delta front, the dune countercurrent surface, the low-lying parts, the delta front slope area and the shallow-prodelta sea area are where terrestrial organic matter is predominantly enriched. This provides an important basis and guidance for the prediction of the development areas of marine source rocks with terrestrial input in the deep-water areas of the Qiongdongnan Basin.  相似文献   

北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷碳酸盐岩潜山表生岩溶储层特征与演化模式     

王永辉  张友浩  高先志  宋言  王红梅  曲付涛 《地球学报》2022,43(5):676-688

潜山储层是潜山油气成藏的重要条件, 潜山领域是涠西南凹陷今后的重要勘探领域。本文综合运用岩心观察、薄片鉴定、碳-氧同位素测定、包裹体测温、钻录井及测井资料对涠西南凹陷碳酸盐岩潜山储层开展研究。研究表明, 涠西南碳酸盐岩潜山储层主要为岩溶储层, 并且发育同生-准同生期岩溶、埋藏岩溶和表生岩溶三种不同环境的岩溶作用, 其中以表生岩溶作用为主; 表生岩溶储层自上而下划分为表层岩溶带、垂直渗流带和水平潜流带; 各个岩溶带在横向上具有可对比性。工区碳酸盐岩岩溶发育程度受沉积相、古地貌及后期构造运动控制: 潮坪沉积环境下的白云岩的岩溶储层更发育; 古地貌的岩溶斜坡区岩溶更发育; 新生代断裂构造作用调整了原始岩溶储层带的分布深度, 导致现今不同潜山间的岩溶储层带分布深度有差异。  相似文献   

Accelerated weathering of hydrophobized sands     

Lin  Hongjie  Lourenço  Sérgio D. N. 《Acta Geotechnica》2022,17(2):377-390

Acta Geotechnica - Hydrophobized sands have been suggested as materials for hydraulic barriers in infrastructure. When placed at the interface ground–atmosphere, environmental factors such as...  相似文献